In 1861, devastated by the split of the nation, poet Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote a fifth verse to Key’s song. Key’s song became especially popular and a powerful expression of patriotism during the Civil War, with its emotional description of the enduring national flag, which had become the symbol of the still-new nation.
“The Star-Spangled Banner”: official version Francis Scott Key and “The Star-Spangled Banner” This version of the song remained popular and well known through the War of 1812, until Key wrote his new lyrics and appropriated the tune. In 1798 the tune became “Adams and Liberty,” written by Thomas Paine (later called Robert Treat Paine, Jr., and not the same person as the author of Common Sense, with whom he is sometimes confused) to celebrate and rally support for the nation’s second president, John Adams. O’er the land of the free, and the home of the brave?
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Of the whip of the driver trace channels of gore?Īnd say, doth our star-spangled banner yet wave With its stars, mocking freedom, is fitfully gleaming?ĭo you see the backs bare? Do you mark every score The shrieks of those bondmen, whose blood is now streamingįrom the merciless lash, while our banner in sight
Its first stanza is as follows: Oh, say do you hear, at the dawn’s early light, Atlee was written for the abolitionist cause. To the shame of his friends, ’mid the jeers of the throng.Īn 1844 version, “Oh, Say Do You Hear,” with lyrics by E.A. While the pity-able wretch would stagger along, Gave proof through the night in the gutter he’d been, Yet still in his breast not a throb, of shame feeling!Īnd the plight he was in-steep’d in filth to his chin, With blear eyes and red nose most revolting to sight Some poor bloated drunkard to his home weakly reeling, The first stanza, somewhat humorous, reads as follows: Oh! who has not seen by the dawn’s early light, Lyrics set to the tune celebrated national heroes or spoke of political struggles, including temperance (1843 “Oh, Who Has Not Seen”). The melody was used repeatedly throughout the 18th and 19th centuries with lyrics that changed with the affairs of the day. I’ll lend you my name and inspire you to bootĪnd besides I’ll instruct you like me to intwine Voice, fiddle, and flute, no longer be mute, When this answer arrived from the jolly old Grecian: That he their inspirer and patron would be
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History Highlights: Part One To Anacreon in Heaven, where he sat in full glee, Its original lyrics were written in six verses by the Anacreontic Society’s president, Ralph Tomlinson, as an ode to the Greek poet Anacreon, who is asked for and-after some objection by the gods-grants his blessing to mingle Venus’s myrtle with Bacchus’s grapevine in their brotherhood: Written by British composer John Stafford Smith-whose identity was discovered only in the 1970s by a librarian in the music division of the Library of Congress-the song was sung to signal a transition between the evening’s orchestral music concert and after-dinner participatory singing. Long assumed to have originated as a drinking song, the melody was taken from the song “ To Anacreon in Heaven,” which first surfaced about 1776 as a club anthem of the Anacreontic Society, an amateur mens’ music club in London. After a century of general use, the four-stanza song was officially adopted as the national anthem by an act of Congress in 1931. The Star-Spangled Banner, national anthem of the United States, with music adapted from the anthem of a singing club and words by Francis Scott Key. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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